作文开头法

1.正反表态法：在第一段中把正反观点都表达出来，最有一句写自己的观点。1-2句对主题的介绍，3-4句正反两种观点，看法做一个描述，5句表达自己的看法。  

2.让步法：先把反方观点引出来，做一个肯定的评价，然后笔锋一转，回到自己的观点上来。

3.背景法：适用于对一个现象分析时，至少为2句话。原因，后果，背景。背景介绍用3-4句话，第一段最后一句用几个单词概括一下。

4.提问试：要讨论什么就先把话题以问句形势提出。回答问题表达自己的观点，对自己的观点做个理由概述/先写出反方观点，对其做一个反驳，顺势提出自己的观点。


我个人觉得写好第一段对于得高分起到了很关键的作用，大家一定要重视第一段。以上给出了我总结的觉得比较好的开头法，希望对大家有用，祝大家考好！

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老师，你的意思是四八级作文都应该写成议论文？不是记叙那种？
可不可以只是写观点1、2、3呢？
对写作文还是有点迷茫！语言运用和把握不太好，请问老师应该怎么练习？谢谢！

How to cope with the test
1. Analyzing the Task审题
2. Brainstorming Process 构思
3. Outlining Process提纲
4. Actual Wrting 写作 (First draft is the final Draft)
Introduction: thesis statement
Body: topic sentence
Transitional expressions
Variety in sentence structure and length
grammar, vocabulary, spelling, punctuation
5. Error-checking 改错


Format 格式
full-block form: 齐头式
Each line starts from the same margin without any indentation so that all lines have a straight edge. If you adopt the full block, you had better leave a space between paragragh.
2.indented form: 缩进式
If you use the indented form, you indent each line of the body for three to five spaces.

Prewriting:
1.        Analyze the Task 审题
Argumentation  Yes or No and Why
     
a) Today it is not allowed to raise pets in many cities, especially in modern cities. Should urban citizens be allowed to keep pets? Give your reaons

b) Nowadays, some people think the city is no longer a good place for children’s education and development. They suggest the country is a better choice. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement.

Discussion  

c) Some foreign fast food is developing more and more popular. It replaces some traditional food. Some people think it is good, while others disagree. Wht’s your opinion about it. Give your reasons.

d) Nowadays, more and more young people are choosing to live by themselves once they get their first job and have a relatively stable income. What do you think of their choices?  And give your reasons.

2. Brainstorming Process构思

a)        For:
Pets: a faithful, obedient companion
     a great comfort for elderly people
     bring joy, drive away loneliness
     very helpful, some well-trained pet dog,  guardian, doorkeeper, guide dog for the blind
     helps children to develop a tender loving heart, learn to care for nor only oneslef,
   Against:
   Pets: some pet-owners / lovers love their pets only, indiferent to others
        a waste of time for young people, they should make better use of their precious time
        dirty, pissing and shitting in public places, spread some disease
        noise, barking
        bite, attack
        a costly, time-consuming hobby
        
b)        For:
City: better schools, colorful life, better medical service, shopping, activities, job opportunities, transport facilities, communication means
Against
City: high living expenses, pressures, distractions, temptations, crimes, money-oriented, no fresh air, feel isolated
Country:
For: fresh air, unpolluted water, peaceful, tranquil, quiet, friendly and simple-minded people, a sense of belonging, low living expenses, less pressure, less competition, better social order
Against: boring, monotonous, poor school, backword, isolated from the modern world
c) Fast food
  For: convenient, time-saving, trendy, exotic, air-conditioned environment, clean,
  Against: not nutritious, noisy, crowded, not fast at all
d)        Living by oneself
For: no interference, freedom, indepence, learn to solve all your problems independently
Against: inconvenience, costly, loneliness,

介绍（Introduction）
　　介绍文是一篇文章的“地图”，用来提导读者方向。介绍文中第一句的作用是用来说明整段文章的总义和介绍文章的主题。之后的一至两句则是用来表达您自己的个人意见（评论文）或支持论点的客观事实（报告），通常介绍文的最后一句是用来带领读到主体文。
主体（Body）
　　与介绍文一样，主体文每段的第一句都是用来说明整段的大意，之后的内容可用连接词（如 However, Although, Not only, Also, Even though, Consequently, In addition 等等）或顺序词（Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly ...）连贯在一起。在一篇文章中，连接词尽量不要重覆。
　　如您是在提出一个论点，在同一段落里必须有您支持这个论点的理由和证据，每段的最后一句通常用来总结整段的意思。
　　在一篇评论文中，必须有一段相反论点以平衡整个讨论，在这一段里，您必须能有理地反驳这些相反论点，讲出为什么您要持相反意见。您可强烈地、温和地或只是部分地反对。以下是一些应写在这一段内的建议句子：

结论 (Conclusion)
　　结论文的开始通常都会用一个特别结论句式（In general, To sum up, To conclude, In conclusion等等）来串联整段。在结论文中，条件句（Conditional sentence）(If...., ....)是非常有用的，当然，您在文章的其他位置是可以用条件句，当您用条件句时，您须注意有没有文法错误。
　　在一篇250字的文章中，结论文通常只能有一至两句。结论只是用来总结文章之前的意思，除非只是一个次要观点，否则不要在这段内提出任何新见解，但如题目要求的话，您可在结论上提出您的建议、推荐、介绍和解决方法。